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PostgreSQLPostgreSQL
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PostgreSQL
Database Services

Executive Direct Answer · PostgreSQL Engineering & DBA Scope

PostgreSQL is an advanced open-source object-relational database system renowned for ACID reliability, complex query performance, extensibility (pgvector, PostGIS), and JSONB support. JusDB provides remote DBA, query tuning, Patroni high availability, and low-downtime migrations across RDS, Aurora, Cloud SQL, and self-hosted clusters. Availability and response commitments are defined in your service agreement; 24x7 on-call is available under your service agreement.

Versions: Confirmed During Assessment·Availability: Per Service Agreement·Response Targets: Per Agreement·Patroni RTO: Set per Workload·ISO 27001 & SOC 2 Type II: aligned, certification in progress

Your PostgreSQL cluster is the backbone of your product. When autovacuum falls behind or a bad plan causes a table scan at 3am, you need engineers who've already fixed that exact problem.

From a 6-second OLTP query to a low-downtime Oracle migration — we've diagnosed it, fixed it, and documented the runbook. PostgreSQL-native engineers, not generalists.

Assessed

Version and extension compatibility

30 minutes

P1 target with 24x7 on-call

2 to 4 hours

Business-hours initial-response target

PostgreSQL 14 reaches End of Life in November 2026. Still on PG 13 or 14? Now is the window to upgrade — before your cloud provider forces an emergency migration.

Plan Your Upgrade →

24

Supported database technologies

24x7

On-call coverage, under your service agreement

30 min

P1 initial-response target on 24x7 on-call

2 to 4 h

Initial-response target in covered business hours

Full-Spectrum PostgreSQL
Engineering

From a 6-second OLTP query to a low-downtime Oracle migration — we've seen it, fixed it, and documented the runbook.

Performance Tuning

Query plan assessment, index decisions, vacuum and bloat review, and validation against a representative workload baseline.

High Availability & DR

Patroni HA cluster design, replication, connection routing, and restore drills tested against your agreed recovery objectives.

Replication & CDC

Logical replication with pglogical, Debezium CDC pipelines, synchronous and async streaming replicas for read scaling and cross-region DR.

Cloud Migration

Low-downtime lifts to Aurora PostgreSQL, RDS, Cloud SQL, or Azure Flexible Server — via Ora2Pg, AWS DMS, or logical replication with rollback plans.

Managed DBA Service

Continuous automated monitoring, autovacuum health, bloat management, backup verification (pgBackRest/Barman), and capacity planning.

Security & Compliance

Row-level security, SSL/TLS enforcement, pg_audit, pgcrypto column encryption, and hardening for SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI DSS, and GDPR.

From Slow to Blazing Fast
in Days, Not Months

We don't guess — we instrument. Our systematic approach combines pg_stat_statements, EXPLAIN ANALYZE, and bloat monitoring, with query latency measured against your baseline before and after every change.

EXPLAIN ANALYZE + pg_stat_statements-driven query triage
Index strategy: partial, covering, GIN/GiST for JSONB and full-text
Autovacuum tuning: bloat detection, dead-tuple thresholds, per-table settings
Connection pooling with PgBouncer in transaction mode
Table partitioning design: range, list, and hash strategies
Patroni HA cluster design with etcd/Consul DCS and HAProxy
pgBackRest / Barman backup with WAL archiving and verified restores
TimescaleDB, PostGIS, and pgvector extension management

Query Performance

After tuning
Sequential scans eliminated94%
Slow-query log (>1s)88%
Shared-buffer cache hit rate92%
Connection-pool efficiency (PgBouncer)86%

Illustrative health scores · results depend on the workload

Queries We've Transformed

Click any card to reveal the fix.

Missing Index

6,240ms

8ms

Seq Scan — 4.8M rows

The fix

CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY ix_orders_user ON orders(user_id) INCLUDE (total, status)

N+1 via ORM

8,100ms

29ms

1,800 round-trips from the ORM

The fix

Rewrote ORM cursor loop as a single JOIN with EXISTS predicate

Plan Cache Thrash

12,800ms

18ms

Bad generic plan chosen at prepare

The fix

Set plan_cache_mode=force_custom_plan + pg_hint_plan override

Pre-Migration Assessment

Oracle → PostgreSQL 16

READY
Schema assessment100%
Data sync (AWS DMS or Debezium)97%
Compatibility check95%
Cutover readiness91%

Estimated cutover window: < 5 minutes

Move to PostgreSQL
With Minimal Downtime

Cross-engine migrations need schema, routine, data-type, and application compatibility checks before cutover. We assess conversion tools such as Ora2Pg, identify manual work, select a source-compatible data movement method, and rehearse validation and application reconnection. The proposal records interruption, acceptance criteria, and rollback limits after target writes begin.

Ora2Pg schema conversion with PL/SQL → PL/pgSQL rewrite
AWS DMS or Debezium continuous replication during cutover window
Validated rollback plan signed off before every cutover
Aurora PostgreSQL, RDS, Cloud SQL, or Azure Flexible Server targets
MySQL, SQL Server, and MongoDB to PostgreSQL migration support
Plan My Migration

P1 to Resolved
Average: 13 Minutes

When a lock wait or autovacuum failure brings production down, every second counts. Our on-call DBAs follow a battle-tested runbook — from the first alert to root-cause fix, you see every step in real time.

P1 alert → assigned DBA paged automatically
Root cause via pg_stat_activity and pg_locks, not guesswork
Online fixes where possible, to keep maintenance windows short
Full post-incident report with prevention plan
Initial-response target: P1 in 30 minutes with 24x7 on-call
Illustrative sequence
1
Alert fired

pg_stat_activity: lock wait above 30s

2
DBA responds

A named PostgreSQL DBA responds within your agreement's initial-response target

3
Root cause

An idle-in-transaction session holds a lock on orders; an ALTER TABLE queued behind it blocks new queries

4
Mitigation

Idle session ended with pg_terminate_backend(); idle_in_transaction_session_timeout set

5
Follow-up

Lock queue cleared and throughput back to baseline; post-incident review

Always On.
Engineered That Way.

We design and operate Patroni clusters that actually fail over — tested and rehearsed, with synchronous streaming replication and automated leader election. Availability targets are agreed per workload and written into your service agreement.

Patroni HA with etcd / Consul / ZooKeeper DCS
Synchronous streaming + async replicas for geo-DR
HAProxy + Keepalived for transparent read/write routing
Automated failover with health-check tuning
pgBackRest PITR with WAL archiving to S3 / GCS
Failover drills on a cadence set in your service agreement
Patroni Cluster ACTIVEHAProxy routing · node-01 → LEADER

3/3

Nodes healthy

<28s

Failover RTO

0ms

Replica Lag

Primary (node-01)
LEADERHEALTHY
Replica (node-02)
SYNCSTREAMING
Replica (node-03)
ASYNCSTREAMING
New YorkLondonFrankfurtSingaporeSão PauloSydneyMumbaiTokyo

Remote PostgreSQL DBAs,
Wherever You Run

Our engineering team is in India; business-hours coverage is Mon–Fri 09:00–18:00 IST (UTC+5:30), and 24x7 on-call is available under your service agreement. No outsourced answering service — PostgreSQL DBAs who know your cluster.

IST

Engineering team time zone

24x7

On-call, under your service agreement

30 minutes

P1 initial-response target (24x7 on-call)

Named

Engineer owns each incident

Not Just DBAs. PostgreSQL SREs.

We tie every engagement to measurable SLOs, with failover drills, automated bloat monitoring, and post-incident reports with prevention plans scoped into your service agreement.

PostgreSQL-Native Engineers

Engineers who work on PostgreSQL internals daily: high-traffic OLTP, analytics, and time-series workloads.

Systematic Tuning Framework

pg_stat_statements analysis, EXPLAIN ANALYZE, and index strategy — not guesswork. Query latency is baselined before, and measured after, each approved change.

Tested Failover

We design Patroni HA architectures that survive node failures, and test them with failover drills and WAL-verified restores. Drill cadence and availability commitments are set in your service agreement.

Agreed Response Targets

Initial-response targets are 2 to 4 hours during covered business hours, Mon–Fri 09:00–18:00 IST (UTC+5:30). Where your service agreement includes 24x7 on-call, the initial-response target for P1 incidents is 30 minutes. Targets are not resolution guarantees. Escalation paths and runbooks are written into your service agreement.

Cloud-Native & Hybrid

Aurora PostgreSQL, RDS, Cloud SQL, Azure Flexible Server, and Kubernetes-based PostgreSQL — we architect for the deployment model your workload needs.

Compliance-First Mindset

Every engagement includes a security baseline review with pg_audit, row-level security, and SSL hardening aligned to SOC 2, HIPAA, and PCI DSS.

PostgreSQL Internals: Critical Failure Modes

The assessment checks workload-specific transaction age, vacuum progress, connection demand, and query plans. Proposed mitigations include prerequisites, approval gates, and measurements to validate the change:

P1 Critical · Transaction Age Risk

Transaction ID (XID) Wraparound Catastrophe

Old transactions and insufficient vacuum progress can leave transaction IDs unfrozen. PostgreSQL runs anti-wraparound vacuum work and can refuse new transactions near its wraparound limit. Transaction age, multixact age, and long-running transactions need separate monitoring.

JusDB Engineering Mitigation:

We tune autovacuum_freeze_max_age, vacuum_freeze_table_age, and provision dedicated freeze workers with aggressive cost limits before the emergency threshold is reached.

P1 Critical · 10x Latency Degradation

Autovacuum Starvation & B-Tree Index Bloat

High-churn OLTP tables accumulate millions of dead tuples because default autovacuum workers are throttled by restrictive vacuum_cost_limit settings. B-tree indexes bloat to gigabytes of dead leaf pages, blowing out buffer cache and forcing slow sequential scans.

JusDB Engineering Mitigation:

We configure per-table autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor thresholds, calibrate maintenance_work_mem, and rebuild bloated indexes online using pg_repack with planned brief exclusive-lock phases.

P1 Critical · Split-Brain Risk

Patroni DCS Consensus Partitions & Replica Desync

Transient network latency or misconfigured DCS TTLs (etcd, Consul) cause heartbeat timeouts between Patroni nodes. Demoted primaries can diverge or experience cascading replication slot WAL accumulation if network partitions occur under heavy write bursts.

JusDB Engineering Mitigation:

We harden Patroni DCS failover timeouts, enforce synchronous replication with strict quorum rules, and deploy automated replication slot WAL lag monitors.

Telemetry Runbooks · Non-Blocking PostgreSQL Forensics

Our PostgreSQL SREs execute read-only diagnostic queries to inspect active lock contention and autovacuum dead-tuple urgency without blocking production transactions:

Lock Contention: Active Blocking Transaction ChainRead-Only
SELECT blocked_locks.pid AS blocked_pid,
       blocked_activity.usename AS blocked_user,
       blocking_locks.pid AS blocking_pid,
       blocking_activity.usename AS blocking_user,
       blocked_activity.query AS blocked_statement,
       blocking_activity.query AS current_statement_in_blocking_process
FROM pg_catalog.pg_locks blocked_locks
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity blocked_activity ON blocked_activity.pid = blocked_locks.pid
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_locks blocking_locks 
    ON blocking_locks.locktype = blocked_locks.locktype
    AND blocking_locks.database IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.database
    AND blocking_locks.relation IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.relation
    AND blocking_locks.page IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.page
    AND blocking_locks.tuple IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.tuple
    AND blocking_locks.virtualxid IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.virtualxid
    AND blocking_locks.transactionid IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.transactionid
    AND blocking_locks.classid IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.classid
    AND blocking_locks.objid IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.objid
    AND blocking_locks.objsubid IS NOT DISTINCT FROM blocked_locks.objsubid
    AND blocking_locks.pid != blocked_locks.pid
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity blocking_activity ON blocking_activity.pid = blocking_locks.pid
WHERE NOT blocked_locks.granted;
Autovacuum Urgency: Dead Tuples & Scale Factor Thresholdspg_stat
SELECT relname,
       n_live_tup,
       n_dead_tup,
       round(100.0 * n_dead_tup / nullif(n_live_tup + n_dead_tup, 0), 2) AS dead_tuple_pct,
       last_vacuum,
       last_autovacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 10000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC
LIMIT 5;

The Full PostgreSQL Ecosystem

We cover every flavour of PostgreSQL — from self-hosted Patroni clusters to every managed cloud offering.

PostgreSQL 12–18
PostgreSQL 12–18
Patroni HA
Patroni HA
Aurora PostgreSQL
Aurora PostgreSQL
RDS for PostgreSQL
Cloud SQL PostgreSQL
Cloud SQL PostgreSQL
Azure Flexible Server
Azure Flexible Server
PgBouncer
pgBackRest / Barman
Ora2Pg / AWS DMS
Ora2Pg / AWS DMS
PostgreSQL on Kubernetes
PostgreSQL on Kubernetes
TimescaleDB / PostGIS
Debezium CDC
Debezium CDC

How We Work Together

Three engagement models — pick the one that fits where you are right now.

Fixed Scope

PostgreSQL Assessment

Fixed scope, quoted after a scoping call

A deep-dive audit of your PostgreSQL environment. We deliver a written report covering performance bottlenecks, HA gaps, bloat health, security findings, and a prioritised remediation roadmap — within 5 business days.

pg_stat_statements & EXPLAIN plan analysis
Index bloat and vacuum health review
Patroni / HA architecture gap report
Written remediation roadmap
Project-Based

Migration or Tuning Project

Scoped on call

A defined-scope engagement with clear deliverables — an Oracle migration, version upgrade, Patroni setup, or systematic performance tuning program. Fixed price once scoped.

Fixed deliverables and timeline
Weekly progress updates
Post-project handover documentation
30-day hypercare period included
Ongoing

Managed DBA Service

Monthly retainer

A dedicated remote PostgreSQL DBA team. Continuous monitoring, autovacuum health, bloat management, backup verification, capacity planning, and agreed incident response. Contract terms are set in your service agreement.

Continuous automated monitoring & alerting
Autovacuum & bloat management
Scheduled failover drills
Initial-response targets set by your agreement

All engagements start with a free 30-minute scoping call. Book yours →

PostgreSQL service scope and shared responsibilities.

A written engagement defines JusDB’s database work, the platform’s capabilities, your team’s decisions, and the validation evidence needed for production changes.

Engineering Dimension
JusDB scope
Managed platformYour teamValidation evidence
Vacuum, Query Plans & IndexingAssess table churn, query plans, index tradeoffs, vacuum progress, and maintenance lock requirements.Determine supported extensions, metrics, parameter controls, and maintenance facilities.Provide workload peaks, critical queries, observation windows, and production approvals.Record baselines, proposed changes, prerequisites, and before/after measurements.
High Availability & RecoveryAssess replication, consensus, fencing, routing, and application reconnection against agreed recovery objectives.Provide service-specific failover, replication, backup, and restore mechanisms.Set acceptable interruption and data-loss limits and approve drills.Record observed RPO/RTO, restore checks, failure conditions, and open risks.
Schema Changes & MaintenancePlan supported online operations with lock limits, cancellation criteria, and rollback conditions.Determine supported DDL, extensions, access, and maintenance controls.Approve application compatibility tests and change windows.A reviewed change plan, execution record, and validation results.
Incident Response & EscalationDefine diagnostic access, escalation, incident communication, and response targets in the service agreement.Operate the managed platform and provide the support coverage in its agreement.Assign application owners, incident decisions, access, and production approvals.Document the incident timeline, observed impact, actions, and follow-up owners.
Major Version Upgrades & MigrationAssess compatibility, method selection, rehearsal, validation, interruption, and rollback limits.Publish supported versions, upgrade paths, replication capabilities, and platform restrictions.Validate business behavior and approve cutover and recovery decisions.A compatibility record, measured rehearsal, and agreed acceptance criteria.
Security & EvidenceReview authentication, TLS, audit trails, role privileges, RLS, and appropriate encryption options.Provide documented network, identity, storage encryption, and audit capabilities.Define applicable controls, access policies, approval owners, and evidence requirements.Prioritized findings, configuration decisions, remediation checks, and remaining risks.
Version, extension, platform, and operational compatibility are assessed before work is scoped. Availability commitments are defined in your service agreement.ISO 27001 & SOC 2 Type II: aligned, certification in progress

Common Questions

Real answers from real PostgreSQL engineers — no sales fluff.

Do you provide 24/7 PostgreSQL DBA support?
Yes, 24x7 on-call is available under your service agreement; otherwise coverage is business hours. Initial-response targets are 2 to 4 hours during covered business hours, Mon–Fri 09:00–18:00 IST (UTC+5:30). Where your service agreement includes 24x7 on-call, the initial-response target for P1 incidents is 30 minutes. Targets are not resolution guarantees.
What versions of PostgreSQL do you support?
JusDB confirms your PostgreSQL version, extensions, platform, and required work before proposing support. As of October 2026, community-supported majors are 14 through 18; PostgreSQL 14 reaches end of life on November 12, 2026. Older installations need a separately agreed risk and upgrade assessment. Managed-cloud version lifecycles can differ from community support.
Can you migrate from Oracle to PostgreSQL?
JusDB assesses Oracle schemas, data types, routines, and application behavior before proposing a PostgreSQL migration. Ora2Pg can assist conversion, with manual review and testing where needed. The plan defines data validation, replication where supported, a rehearsed interruption window, and rollback conditions. The proposal confirms execution and handover scope.
How quickly can you start?
The proposal confirms the start date and assessment schedule once the agreed inventory, diagnostic access, and workload evidence are ready. Implementation, migrations, and recurring DBA coverage have separate prerequisites and acceptance criteria. A first scoping call needs no production access.
Do you support Patroni HA clusters?
Yes — Patroni is our primary HA stack for self-hosted PostgreSQL. We design, implement, and operate multi-node Patroni clusters with etcd, Consul, or ZooKeeper as the DCS, plus HAProxy for transparent failover.
What tools do you use for query optimisation?
pg_stat_statements, auto_explain, EXPLAIN ANALYZE, pg_hint_plan, and custom bloat/index monitoring scripts. We also set up continuous pg_badger reporting for production visibility.
Can you do a major version upgrade (pg_upgrade) with minimal downtime?
JusDB reviews version and extension compatibility, then compares pg_upgrade with supported replication or managed-platform upgrade paths. Each method has interruption and validation requirements. A rehearsal establishes the maintenance window, application reconnection checks, rollback limits, and approval gates; we do not promise one cutover duration for every workload.

Ready to Scale Your
PostgreSQL System?

Bring us your production PostgreSQL environment, from 100GB OLTP clusters to multi-TB analytics on Aurora PostgreSQL.

Scoped work

Written proposal

Controlled changes

Your approval gates

Clear handover

Records and operating instructions